Hii everyone today I am going to share you something about solid state chemistry.in this topic I am going to explain some definition and derivations etc.
Crystalline solid : A crystalline solid is homogeneous solid in which the constitunet particles , atom ,ions or molecules are arranged in definite repeating pattern.(DRP)
Isomorphous : Two or more substance having the same crystal structure are called isomorphous.
Example; NaF and Mgo
Polymorphous : A singel substance that crysatallise in two or more forms uder different condition.
Example ; NaCl and KCl
Anisotropy: change in physical value when measured in different directions is called anisotropy.
Example ; wood and it's composites
Amorphous solid : do not have well developed order crystalline structure.
Example ; Tar ,glass, plastic ,rubber .
Classification of crystalline solid
Unit cell : smallest repeating structural unit .
Lattice point : any point at intersection of line is lattice point .
Sapce lattice ; collection of all the points in the crystal having the same environment is called sapce lattice.
Note ; lattice point can be arranged in maximum fourteen type .the arrangements is called Bravais lattice
Coordination number ; constituent particles of the crystal lattice is the number of particles surrounded a single particle in the crystal lattice.
Seven type of crystalline lattice
Fourteen types of Bravais lattice
Packing in solid
1) close packing in one dimensions : in one dimensions the Coordination number is 2.
2) close packing in two dimensions; in two dimensions there is two type of arrangement are possible
AAAA type and ABABAB type
In AAAA type structure are generated is Square close packing and coordination number is 4 .
In ABABAB types structure are generated is hexagonal close packing and coordination number is 6.
3) close packing in three dimensions ; in three dimensions there is three type of arrangement are possible
l) AAAA type in 3-D ; there is formation of cubic structure and coordination number is 6 .
ll) ABABAB types in 3-D ; there is formation of hexagonal close packed (HCP) structure in which the Coordination number is 12.
lll) ABCABC types in 3-D : there is formation of cubic close packed (CCP) structure and coordination number is 12.
Density of unit cell
Crystalline solid : A crystalline solid is homogeneous solid in which the constitunet particles , atom ,ions or molecules are arranged in definite repeating pattern.(DRP)
Isomorphous : Two or more substance having the same crystal structure are called isomorphous.
Example; NaF and Mgo
Polymorphous : A singel substance that crysatallise in two or more forms uder different condition.
Example ; NaCl and KCl
Anisotropy: change in physical value when measured in different directions is called anisotropy.
Example ; wood and it's composites
Amorphous solid : do not have well developed order crystalline structure.
Example ; Tar ,glass, plastic ,rubber .
Classification of crystalline solid
Lattice point : any point at intersection of line is lattice point .
Sapce lattice ; collection of all the points in the crystal having the same environment is called sapce lattice.
Note ; lattice point can be arranged in maximum fourteen type .the arrangements is called Bravais lattice
Coordination number ; constituent particles of the crystal lattice is the number of particles surrounded a single particle in the crystal lattice.
Seven type of crystalline lattice
Fourteen types of Bravais lattice
1) close packing in one dimensions : in one dimensions the Coordination number is 2.
AAAA type and ABABAB type
In AAAA type structure are generated is Square close packing and coordination number is 4 .
In ABABAB types structure are generated is hexagonal close packing and coordination number is 6.
3) close packing in three dimensions ; in three dimensions there is three type of arrangement are possible
l) AAAA type in 3-D ; there is formation of cubic structure and coordination number is 6 .
ll) ABABAB types in 3-D ; there is formation of hexagonal close packed (HCP) structure in which the Coordination number is 12.
Important formulae
Deffects in solid
Electrical properties of solid
Magnetic properties of solid
